A water softener works on the technology of "Ion Exchange". For every particle of hardness which the softener removes from water, it must replace it with the same amount of salt. Under favourable conditions, this exchange should be exactly equal but this doesn’t happen in real. There is always more quantity of salt left in the water as compared to the amount of particles of hardness it removed. The exchange ratio was very unsatisfactory in some earlier models. With the recent advancements in technologies, the rinsing technique which reduces the remaining salt in the water is now adhering to the acceptable standards.
There are mainly two types of water softeners available in the market – electric single tank softener and hydraulic twin tank softener. In single tank water softener, there may be a problem when there will no water supply due to a single tank. It may also cause inconvenience because this type requires high pressure. Moreover, noise produced by motor will also cause irritation sometimes.
The other type water softener ensures a continuous supply of soft water for the household. The two tanks do the softening and regeneration process alternatively. In this way, there will be no chance of running out of soft water supply.
Salt containers must be refilled on time. Most water softeners do not have salt level indicator; it is a good decision to check salt level timely to avoid contamination of water tanks. The water softeners work continuously even without salt, which may result in tank contamination.
Salt-based water softener systems are not very effective one hundred per cent. Only 75 per cent of the calcium and magnesium water content is thrown out. The salt-based water softener also releases to the environment huge amount of lime brine.
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